Ramadan is the ninth month of the Islamic lunar calendar and is considered the holiest month for Muslims worldwide. It is a time of fasting, prayer, reflection, and community. The month-long observance commemorates the first revelation of the Quran to the Prophet Mohammad, which occurred during the month of Ramadan.
Fasting:
Fasting during Ramadan, known as Sawm, is one of the Five Pillars of Islam, which are the core beliefs and practices that every Muslim must follow. From dawn until sunset, Muslims abstain from eating, drinking, smoking, and marital relations. The pre-dawn meal before the fast begins is called Suhoor, and the meal to break the fast after sunset is called Iftar.
Spiritual Practices:
Ramadan is a time for increased devotion and worship. Muslims perform additional prayers, known as Taraweeh, every night during Ramadan. Many also strive to read the entire Quran during the month, dividing it into 30 sections to read one each day.
Charity:
Charity, or Zakat, and giving during Ramadan is especially emphasized. Muslims are encouraged to be more generous and to help those in need. This includes the obligatory Zakat al-Fitr, a fixed amount given to charity at the end of Ramadan, ensuring that even the less fortunate can enjoy the celebrations of Eid al-Fitr.
Laylat al-Qadr:
One of the holiest nights during Ramadan is Laylat al-Qadr (the Night of Decree), believed to be the night when the Quran was first revealed. This night is considered better than a thousand months, and it falls within the night of 19th, 21st or 23rd of Ramadan, Muslims spend this night in prayer, seeking forgiveness and blessings.
Community and Family:
Ramadan is also a time for community and family. Muslims gather for Iftar, sharing meals with family, friends, and neighbors. Mosques often host community Iftar events, bringing people together to break their fast.
Eid al-Fitr:
The end of Ramadan is marked by the celebration of Eid al-Fitr, the Festival of Breaking the Fast. This joyous occasion begins with a special prayer, Salat al-Eid, performed in congregation. It is a day of feasting, giving gifts, and visiting loved ones. Acts of charity continue, and Muslims express gratitude for the strength and patience shown during the month of fasting.